Abbasid Caliphs 8th to 13th century. (Post 162)

Abbasid rule began in 750 and ended when sacked by Mongols in 1258. Abbasids moved the Capital from Damascus to Baghdad and it grew to a population of about 2 million under their rule. Most of the caliphs were enlightened, valued scholarship and spend heavily on the institutions of learning and education. It is estimated that their expenditure on education in relation to their revenue was much higher than the governments of the most advanced countries spend on education today. This was a major factor that led to the golden age(8th to 13th century).
Below is a link to a discussion on Abbasid Caliphate on a BBC rodio 4 on program called "In Our Times".
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoAzjRSqBN0&t=589s

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Muslim women rulers, scholars a repeat (Post 305)

Muslim women rulers, scholars and Sufis . 1.Women Sufies and Scholars Rabia Al Basri and Fatima Naishapuri, born in the 8th century were the early scholars and Sufis. As-Sulami (died in 1021) in his publication Early Sufi Women* mentions that between the 8th and 11th century there who 80 respected Sufi teachers and spritual guides. Some known figures were Lubna of Cordoba (Spain) who died in 984, who was a scholar and a mathematician. She presided over the famous Library of Cordoba that had about 500,000 books. Fatima b Al Qasim died in 1216. She was also from Andalusia and is regarded as one of the most learned scholar of her time. Zainab B Ahmed died in 1339 and was an eminent Islamic scholar of the 14th century. Bibi Hatati Kirmani and Aisha of Damascus were known Sufi teachers in the 15th century. Jaahan Ara(1592-1666) daughter of Emperor Shahjahan was a Sufi and a writer. (Women ...

Masnavi of Rumi. The end and object...(Post 75)

The end and object of all negation is to attain to subsequent affirmation, as the negation in the creed, "There is no God," finds its complement and purpose in the affirmation "but God." Just so the purpose of negation of self is to clear the way for the apprehension of the fact that there is no existence but the One. The intoxication of Life and its pleasures and occupations veils the Truth from men's eyes, and they ought to pass on to the spiritual intoxication which makes men beside themselves and lifts them to the beatific vision of eternal Truth.

Badshahi Mosque, Lahoe. Pakistan (Post 186)

Badshahi Masjid (Mosque) in Lahore, Pakistan was built in 1673 by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.

Islam and Sufism an introduction

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